Los administradores de TransicionEstructural no se responsabilizan de las opiniones vertidas por los usuarios del foro. Cada usuario asume la responsabilidad de los comentarios publicados.
0 Usuarios y 4 Visitantes están viendo este tema.
El instinto es el instinto y aquí hay algo que huele muy mal.PD: pongo este último enlace ya con risa floja y lágrimas cayendo por las mejillas, señores, no me fastidien, no es ya que el BCE y resto de bancos centrales "puedan estar" dándole la estrategia de salida a la FED, es que es totalmente descarado y de dominio público que los bancos centrales de medio mundo le están permitiendo a la fED endurecer su política monetaria y luego la FED cínicamente se pregunta "¿cómo es posible que las condiciones de crédito en USA se relajen todavía más si ya no compramos activos y además subimos tipos?"
ECB’s bond shortage dilemma sharpens as inflation slowsTraders will scrutinise a gathering of central bankers at Jackson Hole for policy signalsThe ECB is engaged in a delicate dance with both economic data — and the markets — as it tries to steer a path towards normalising monetary policy © BloombergThe European Central Bank may have little choice but to wind down its €2tn bond-buying programme next year — whether eurozone inflation picks up, or not.An improving eurozone economy already led the ECB to scale back its purchases by €20bn a month to €60bn in April, sharpening expectations that policymakers will set out a timeline for further tapering in the next couple of months.A speech from ECB president Mario Draghi will be the chief focus for markets at an annual gathering of central bankers in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, that begins on Thursday. While traders will try to glean any indication of the ECB’s intentions, Mr Draghi faces a dilemma of his own: the central bank is running out of bonds to buy.Its own rules restrict it to only purchasing a third of each country’s debt in circulation, and the supply of German Bunds and Portuguese debt in particular is starting to run thin. “The 33 per cent issuer limit in Bunds presets a course of [purchase programme] exit, no matter the inflation outlook,” says Harvinder Sian, a Citigroup analyst.The ECB is engaged in a delicate dance with both economic data — and the markets — as it tries to steer a path towards normalising monetary policy. The bloc’s strengthening economy has not yet delivered the sustained inflation that Mr Draghi insists is necessary before the central bank withdraws its unprecedented stimulus. Eurozone inflation was 1.3 per cent in July, and has been trending downwards since hitting the ECB’s 2 per cent target in February. The single currency’s recent strength is also weighing on prices. Before scaling back the quantitative easing programme, Mr Draghi wants to see a “durable” increase in the level of prices. Analysts estimate consumer price inflation will be 1.4 per cent over the course of 2018, according to Bloomberg.If that consensus proves anywhere near accurate, then the central bank’s headache over supply will grow more acute. Despite being one of the continent’s largest sovereign debt markets, Germany’s strong economic position means that its total stock of bonds has not increased much in recent years. Germany has gross government debt of €2.1tn according to the IMF, and the ECB owns more than €400bn of its bonds.As a consequence, researchers at Citigroup estimate that the ECB could hit its 33 per cent purchase ceiling for German debt as early as February. That would effectively force the central bank to selectively taper its bond-buying programme by continuing to purchase the debt of peripheral countries while quitting Germany’s debt markets.The ECB is also approaching its purchase threshold in some smaller eurozone countries. It will max out on Portuguese, Dutch and Irish debt next spring, according to estimates by UBS.“The asset purchase programme would become completely skewed towards purchases in France and Italy,” says Norbert Aul, a UBS strategist.That is a scenario that would also prove politically problematic for the ECB. It has already come under renewed attack this month from Germany’s highest court, which said there are reasons to think that the ECB’s bond purchases have violated European law. The constitutional court has referred the matter to the European Court of Justice, though a decision may not come until the ECB has ended the programme.Some market observers argue that the bank has already begun to embark on a covert shift away from German debt. In recent months the ECB’s buying programme has begun to slow, with Italian BTPs in particular making up a larger share of purchases.The declining supply of bonds available also means that the ECB is “at risk of reducing stimulus too soon”, says Richard Turnill, global chief investment strategist at BlackRock. So if inflation does not pick up, could Mr Draghi buy more time for it to do so by changing the rules governing what debt the ECB can buy up?It has already extended the range of entities whose debt is eligible for purchase, and raised the proportion of supranational issuers’ debt it can buy from 33 per cent of outstanding debt stock to 50 per cent.Yet with legal pressure from Germany, it looks likely to be difficult for the ECB to raise the ceiling — even if it was limited to buying more ultra-safe German debt. Lifting the limits for eurozone countries across the board would also be politically problematic. The ECB has called it a binding limit, and German politicians have threatened legal action if its stance changes. Mr Draghi has the support of the Bundesbank and finance minister Wolfgang Schäuble over the legality of QE — he will not want to risk losing it.The ECB “needs to tread carefully”, Mr Sian says. “Some investors have posited that the ECB will simply abandon” the national debt-buying caps, but he believes that would only be “legally and politically feasible” in the context of the bank winding up its asset purchase programme. Halving its monthly total to €30bn would give the ECB enough scope “to keep financial conditions as loose as possible in Italy” by focusing buying on Italian, French and Belgian debt, he suggests. And there is one plus point for Mr Draghi, says Renuka Fernandez, a rates strategist at Nomura — more than €50bn of German bonds held by the ECB, including those of state-backed agencies, are due to be redeemed next year. That compares with €34bn of French redemptions and €24bn of Italian. “Any taper will likely be muted by redemptions,” she says. “This suggests Bunds [pricing] will continue to be supported.”
LA IRRACIONALIDAD BURSÁTIL NORTEAMERICANA ACTUAL NO ES CULPA DEL ESTADO.-Si la Política Monetaria no convencional (PMnC: expansión cuantitativa y tipos de interés ínfimos) de la FED fuera la causa de la causa de la irracionalidad bursátil norteamericana, primero, ¿por qué el S&P500 ha seguido hinchándose tras el abandono de la expansión cuantitativa y las recientes subidas de tipos de interés?; y, segundo, ¿por qué no hay irracionalidad bursátil en la UE, donde aún está plenamente vigente la misma PMnC?Proclamar la PMnC es la culpable de las 'burbujas de activos' (acciones, bonos e inmuebles) forma parte del victimismo exculpatorio falsoliberal, típico del trabajador-directivo, y del 'Leydeofertademandismo' y la Economía 'de Mercadillo' o Pensamiento Merchero. Es exactamente lo mismo que cuando, en España, los sinvergüenzas dicen que los precios inmobiliarios de robo y saqueo se deben a restricciones en los mercados de suelo y alquiler. NO ES CAUSA; ES EXCUSA.Aun aceptando que la PMnC fuera condición necesaria del burbujeo, no lo sería suficiente; y, además, la correlación no estaría clara.LAS BURBUJAS DE ACTIVOS NO TRAEN CAUSA DE RAZONES OBJETIVAS 'DE MERCADO'; RESPONDEN A LA LIBERTAD QUE TIENE EL SER HUMANO PARA ELEGIR HACER EL MAL.Se trata de forrarse a tu costa haciéndote entregar mucho más de lo que recibes a cambio. No me utilicen la Ciencia Económica para hacerse cómplices bobalicones de los rocamboles, señores.Gracias por leernos.P.S.: Que el S&P500 abra con hueco podría ser el inicio oficial del crash bursátil, crash ya en marcha:https://es.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idESKCN1AX0SZ-OESBSAnteayer, el vicepresidente de la Fed, Stanley Fischer, sobre lo peligrosa que es la relajación de la regulación bancaria y lo necia que es la moda de lo 'Precrisis' —que cunde entre los inmobiliarios y demás rentistas aproductivos—:- «Después de 1930 llevó casi 80 años llegar a otra crisis financiera que podría haber sido de esa magnitud. Y ahora, después de 10 años, todo el mundo quiere volver a un statu quo antes de la gran crisis financiera. Y lo encuentro realmente, extremadamente peligroso y extremadamente corto de miras».Publicado por: pisitófilos creditófagos | 08/21/2017 en 10:17 a.m.
[...]Tanto es así que la hipótesis de una gran guerra cada día merece más y mejor escrutinio por los especialistas. Pero los financieros no entran al trapo y se quedan en su corralito.[...]
[...] la curva que hoy vemos representa el incremento natural de valor de un bien que, por mor de su mayor escasez --muchas menos acciones en circulación--, ha crecido de valor y este, además, está justificado por los beneficios corporativos.[...]
The Big Read German electionGermany: the hidden divide in Europe’s richest countryThe country goes to the polls in September with the widening social and economic gap between rich and poor a leading campaign issueAUGUST 17, 2017 by: Stefan Wagstyl from Gelsenkirchen“I survive but I cannot live,” says Doris, a 71-year-old retired nurse, in the former German coal mining town of Gelsenkirchen. “I have no money to go to the ballet, or even €10 for the cinema. But what really eats me up is that I can’t afford to give presents to my grandchildren.”Doris highlights an uncomfortable truth — that even as Angela Merkel tells Germans that they “live in the best Germany ever”, many poor people in her country think otherwise.Parliamentary elections in September offer them a chance to make their voices heard. Martin Schulz, the Social Democrat leader and main rival to the chancellor, is putting social inequality at the heart of his campaign. “Time for more equality. Time for Martin Schulz”, is the SPD’s main slogan.The focus on inequality might seem a surprise, especially when the rest of the industrialised world looks on in envy at German economic performance. Germany is a rich country, with the highest income per head of the EU’s larger countries, comfortably ahead of Britain, France and Italy. Unemployment is the lowest in the EU: labour shortages are German bosses’ biggest headache.But the disparities between rich and poor loom large for many Germans, as Mr Schulz has highlighted. And those concerns are particularly acute because many Germans have long believed that they lived in an unusually fair society, after the second world war swept away old elites and left a more equal country.In a recent ARD television survey, voters rated social inequality as second only to Berlin’s refugee policies among the country’s biggest problems. Unemployment, a leading issue elsewhere in the EU, is in fifth place.Gelsenkirchen stands at one extreme of the German economic scale, far removed from the rich metropolises of Hamburg, Frankfurt and Munich, and the hundreds of successful small industrial towns that form the country’s economic backbone.As in many other poorer towns, the problems are not immediately obvious: with the help of central government funds, Gelsenkirchen has developed a modern pedestrianised shopping centre, a renowned concert hall and a world-class football stadium for Schalke 04, a leading Bundesliga side.The residents walking about on a recent sunny day would not have looked out of place in a smart resort, in their designer T-shirts, jeans and trainers. As Annette Berg, the head of social services in the city, says: “Can you see poverty in Gelsenkirchen? No. Because [social security in Germany] isn’t so low that people look poor on the streets. They make sure their children dress well. But, without jobs, they cannot afford to do anything nice.”Plenty of Doris’ neighbours in Gelsenkirchen are in the same rickety boat. Ravaged by the decline of coal, which once made it rich, the town ranks among Germany’s poorest. The unemployment rate last year was 14.7 per cent, the highest for any large town or city, and far above the 5.5 per cent national average. Household incomes are among the lowest, as are health standards, even among young children.Such sentiments are now starting to drive political debate in Germany. Marcel Fratzscher, head of the DIW economic think-tank who has advised the SPD, says: “The economy is doing well. The big concern is about people who are being left behind.”Ms Merkel’s conservative supporters have long disagreed: they have seen a need to assist particular disadvantaged groups, such as impoverished pensioners or the long-term unemployed, but no overall inequality problem. Michael Hüther, director of the pro-business Institute for Economic Research, says: “Compared to other countries and the crises and other changes in the world economy, Germany is not in a bad position. We don’t need measures to tackle inequality as such.”However, in a YouTube interview with young presenters this week, Ms Merkel conceded that inequality is becoming a political issue, saying: “Many, many people are concerned.”So, how unequal is Germany? And has it changed in 12 years of Merkel government? The data suggest that Germany has indeed become more unequal since its reunification in 1990, but some of the inequalities have eased in the past five years of strong growth in output, jobs and wages.On household income, perhaps the most important determinant of overall equality, Germany is close to the EU average. But on wealth, Germany is significantly less equal than its EU peers, with richer households controlling a bigger share of assets than in most other west European states. The bottom 40 per cent of Germans have almost no assets at all, not even bank savings.As far as incomes are concerned, the gap between the poorest 10 per cent of Germans and the richest tenth started widening in the mid-1990s. It did so largely for the same reasons as elsewhere in the developed world — globalisation and the loss of jobs through technological change.After initially stagnating after reunification, Germany recovered thanks to an export boom combined with trade unions’ restraint over wages and the Hartz IV package of labour market and social benefit reforms that pushed more unemployed people into work.The overall effects were dramatic, restoring Germany at the helm of the EU and cementing support for Ms Merkel, who took power in 2005, as the benefits of Hartz IV, passed by her SPD predecessor Gerhard Schröder, came through.But, while unemployment plunged, those on lower incomes gained less initially than the better-paid. In the past five years, this gap has shrunk a little as unions have won bigger increases and a legal minimum wage, introduced in 2015, has underpinned pay.A striking role in reducing unemployment — and in raising employment to a record level of 44m — has been the expansion of “mini” jobs, lightly-regulated part-time posts, from 4.1m in 2002 to over 7.5m this year. Their supporters say opportunities have been created, for example, for mothers of young children, students and pensioners. But critics argue that mini jobs have often replaced full-time posts, notably in catering and retail. The DGB trade union confederation says that instead of paving the way to permanent positions, mini jobs have “become a dead end” for employees.Knowing how many families now rely on a mini-jobber, Mr Schulz is treading carefully around the issue. His main inequality-tackling campaign pledge is to raise taxes on the well-paid to finance tax cuts for those on low and middling incomes. Ms Merkel has struck back with an offer of tax cuts for all, funded from the budget surpluses.Citar14.7%The unemployment rate in Gelsenkirchen, the highest of any German city or town. The average across the country is 5.5%. However 7.5m Germans now have low-paid, part-time mini-jobs, up from 4.1m in 2002The pedestrian precinct in GelsenkirchenIt would take a more dramatic shift in incomes to offset a much greater cause of German inequality — the distribution of assets between rich and poor, which is exceptionally uneven in Germany. While the country lacks the abundance of billionaires living, for example, in the UK, it has a plethora of millionaires, often concentrated in families owning Mittelstand industrial companies.Mr Fratzscher, who has advised the SPD, says: “The top 10 per cent have a very concentrated grip on wealth, often productive wealth, which grows from one generation to the next. The bottom 40 per cent have nothing.”Angela Merkel and Gerhard Schröder in 2005. Ms Merkel benefited from labour reforms passed by her Social Democrat predecessor © ReutersThree factors are at work. First, only 45 per cent of Germans own their own homes. The rest rent, particularly in big cities, where the property stock is most valuable. With speculative buyers rare, prices were fairly stable for decades but have risen sharply in big cities since the 2008 global financial crisis, further widening the gap between haves and have-nots. While the market delivers affordable housing, it discourages homeowners from investing in what elsewhere is a popular way to accumulate wealth.Second, German state pensions are generous for most people who — unlike Doris in Gelsenkirchen — are employed full-time for most of their working lives. The rich top up their pots with private savings, but the average German does not. In principle, state pensions are at least as reliable a way of financing old age as the private funds common in the US and the UK. But they lack flexibility of capital — it is, for example, impossible to retire early with a lump sum that might be used to start a business.Finally, German inheritance tax law favours business owners. The rules largely exempt from tax fortunes invested in productive companies as long as the heirs promise to maintain jobs. An unintended consequence of this pro-business approach is that rich Germans are encouraged to make themselves even richer by keeping their money in the family company and not diverting as much as their non-German counterparts into, for example, luxury property or art.Ms Merkel’s conservative-social democrat coalition last year had a chance to radically revise the law after the Constitutional Court ruled the advantages granted to business owners were disproportionately generous. But the government limited itself to minor amendments, with little public protest outside the far left.Serious inheritance tax reform is not on Mr Schulz’s agenda. Most Germans share the view of Mr Hüther, the business-oriented economist, who says: “I don’t see an inequality problem . . . because small business owners are tied into providing jobs and so benefiting the community in return for the tax relief.”The uneven distribution of income and assets exacerbates social inequality. German schools compare well with their European counterparts in the international PISA education tests run by the OECD group of industrialised states. But they lag behind their peers in closing the gap between children from rich and poor homes. In 2015, a pupil’s background explained as much as 16 per cent of the difference in educational achievement in Germany compared with an OECD average of just 13 per cent, though Germany is improving, having scored 20 per cent in 2006.Similarly in health, there is a deep divide between rich and poor that seems greater in Germany than the EU average. The gap between poor people and their wealthier compatriots in terms of whether they see themselves as healthy or not is greater in Germany than in all but four OECD members.Compounding these inequalities is the persistent regional divide. While the former communist east has made big progress since reunification in 1990, incomes remain around a third below west German levels. The young have stopped leaving in droves, but the remaining population is ageing more rapidly than in the west, because immigrants are much less likely to settle in the east. With 24 per cent of people over 65, eastern Germany would, if it were still independent, be the oldest country in the world.However, as Gelsenkirchen shows, deprivation black spots are not limited to the east. “Rich people move out of poor districts and more poor people move in,” says Dieter Heisig, a Protestant pastor who has served the city for more than 30 years. “I don’t want to say we have ghettos in Germany, but we do.”Former miners in traditional dress in Gelsenkirchen
14.7%The unemployment rate in Gelsenkirchen, the highest of any German city or town. The average across the country is 5.5%. However 7.5m Germans now have low-paid, part-time mini-jobs, up from 4.1m in 2002The pedestrian precinct in Gelsenkirchen
El BCE desafina mucho en esa melodía quiere interpretar la FED de deshinchar los mercados.
- «Que un gráfico no me estropee mi teoría de que la culpa de la irracionalidad en los precios de los activos la tiene la Política Monetaria no Convencional».El gráfico:https://www.bullionvault.com/gold-news/sites/default/files/fed-boj-ecb-qe-10-yrs-july-2017.pngEl hecho:- Solo reburbujea de verdad el S&P500. El Eurostoxx, no. El Nikkei, tampoco.La teoría de segundo orden que salva la teoría centralbancoculpista:- «Es que la QE-UE se 'gasta' en EEUU».La presunta prueba:- Las empresas norteamericanas emiten deuda en euros.Las pruebas en contra:- ¿Dónde está el castigo cambiario del euro (y la euro-inflación), al convertir las empresas norteamericanas a dólares los euros obtenidos en sus emisiones?- Acaso no hay emisores asiáticos en euros, también.Publicado por: pisitófilos creditófagos | 08/21/2017 en 11:59 a.m.
Lo cierto es que desde que la FED ha dejado de inyectar, el USD se ha venido arriba (Y el EUR abajo...)
Gráfico, cortesía de "chamaleon", en 'Transición Estructural Net', en el que se superpone al de los Balances de los bancos centrales, el del tipo de cambio EUR/USD:http://i64.tinypic.com/33078ls.pngSe ven dos cosas:1) 2015 y 2016, apreciación del dólar; y2) 2017, cambio radical al alza —incompatible con la tesis de que la QE-UE se gasta en la Bolsa norteamericana—.Publicado por: pisitófilos creditófagos | 08/21/2017 en 03:34 p.m.
Given current valuation extremes, both for the S&P 500 Index itself and across every decile of stocks; given the repeated emergence of the most extreme “overvalued, overbought, overbullish” syndromes we define; and given clearly deteriorating market internals, we estimate extreme downside risk across virtually every corner of the stock market over the completion of the current speculative market cycle. Investors have responded to low interest rates by driving stocks to obscene valuations, with little recognition of their implicit (and incorrect) assumption that economic and corporate growth rates remain unchanged from post-war norms. Wall Street is presently ignoring all evidence that a marked slowing is already well underway, and that the conditions that produced historical rates of economic growth are no longer in place. It is essential to understand that if interest rates are low because the growth rate of cash flows is also low, then no market valuation premium is "justified" at all. In my view, the adjustment in growth expectations is likely to be profound in the coming years. Given current valuation extremes, the associated market losses are likely to be predictably brutal.
Cita de: Mad Men en Agosto 17, 2017, 18:39:29 pmLa falta de ética al dejar endeudados a las futuras generaciones deja clara la bajeza moral de este modelo.¿La falta de ética de quien?¿Tener deudas es equivalente a bajeza moral? ¿A que modelo te refieres, al capitalista?Desearía un poco más de precisión...
La falta de ética al dejar endeudados a las futuras generaciones deja clara la bajeza moral de este modelo.