www.transicionestructural.NET es un nuevo foro, que a partir del 25/06/2012 se ha separado de su homónimo .COM. No se compartirán nuevos mensajes o usuarios a partir de dicho día.
0 Usuarios y 10 Visitantes están viendo este tema.
Cita de: berberecho en Febrero 13, 2021, 14:39:15 pmEstamos empezando a confundir lo que significa "bajar de precio". Bajar de precio es reducir las aspiraciones (que en todo momento son máximas). Es decir, pasar por ejemplo de 600 a 500 es bajar.Lo que algunos decís es que, si bajan, es porque antes han subido. Tócate los machos con la reflexión. ¡Pues claro!Si SUBEN de 300 a 500 y por el camino pasan por 600, creo que se puede decir que han subido. No me haga como aquel que decía que el SP500 no estaba en máximos actualmente, que eso fue el mes pasado.Lo que cuenta CHOSEN lo entendemos todos perfectamente, aquí somos expertos en esto. Pero quiero ir más alla: ¿como es posible insistir en el comportamiento antieconómico mientras ves tu entorno abandonado y cayendose a pedazos?
Estamos empezando a confundir lo que significa "bajar de precio". Bajar de precio es reducir las aspiraciones (que en todo momento son máximas). Es decir, pasar por ejemplo de 600 a 500 es bajar.Lo que algunos decís es que, si bajan, es porque antes han subido. Tócate los machos con la reflexión. ¡Pues claro!
Cita de: inmoindultadoGenerico en Febrero 13, 2021, 15:02:56 pmCita de: berberecho en Febrero 13, 2021, 14:39:15 pmEstamos empezando a confundir lo que significa "bajar de precio". Bajar de precio es reducir las aspiraciones (que en todo momento son máximas). Es decir, pasar por ejemplo de 600 a 500 es bajar.Lo que algunos decís es que, si bajan, es porque antes han subido. Tócate los machos con la reflexión. ¡Pues claro!Si SUBEN de 300 a 500 y por el camino pasan por 600, creo que se puede decir que han subido. No me haga como aquel que decía que el SP500 no estaba en máximos actualmente, que eso fue el mes pasado.Lo que cuenta CHOSEN lo entendemos todos perfectamente, aquí somos expertos en esto. Pero quiero ir más alla: ¿como es posible insistir en el comportamiento antieconómico mientras ves tu entorno abandonado y cayendose a pedazos?Madre del amor hermoso. Vamos a ver. Vamos a ver.Tú tienes un trabajo en el que cobras 1500 al mes. Un buen día, te llama tu jefe y te dice que pasas a cobrar 1400 al mes. Pero eso sí, que como cuando entraste, cobrabas 1000, pues resulta que te lo ha subido 400. Yo creo que tu jefe te está llamando imbécil, pero con tu forma de pensar, tiene razón: te ha subido el sueldo, deberías estar agradecido.El sp500 está en máximos históricos sí. Es innegable. Y también es innegable que ha tenido periodos de buenas bajadas. Ahora, si lo que me dices es que si mañana pasa de 4000 a 2000 puntos, y que eso es subir; porque en 1980 tenía 300 puntos, pues mira, no sigo debatiendo ya nada.La arquitectura mental de algunas personas me es insondable.Yo lo dejo, que cada cual piense lo que quiera. Y me perdonarán ustedes, pero no me extraña que personas como Asustadísimos se dejen ver poco. Es que manda huevos macho.Edito: Y por cierto, si algo (lo que sea) se sube a 600, para luego pasar a 500 (por alguna estrategia barata de márquetin de la señorita pepis) es IMPOSIBLE que esté "en máximos históricos".
- Luego avisa del fuerte impacto que un desplome del sector inmobiliario causaría en "el efecto riqueza de las familias", típico de una burbuja inmobiliaria y de un país en que todo el ahorro particular sigue estando en pisos. Pisos sobrevalorados, realmente y sobre el papel, que permiten a familias pobres creerse ricas, y permiten a bancos languidecientes tener una excusa para otorgar préstamos subprime que estimulan a esas familias pobres a gastar, lo que hace que el consumo siga con vida.
#MacroView: Why Stimulus Doesn’t Lead To Organic GrowthThere is a growing consensus in Washington the only way to fix the worst economic downturn in more than 70 years is by giving out more free money. From Joe Biden, to Janet Yellen, to most members of Congress, there is a demand for more “stimulus.” However, the reason the previous programs failed is the stimulus doesn’t lead to organic growth.Let me explain.Joseph Carson, the former Chief Economist at Alliance Bernstein, recently noted:Citar“Suppose Congress passes something close to Biden’s Administration stimulus proposal of $1.9 trillion. In that case, that will lift the cumulative amount of fiscal stimulus in the past 12 months to $5 trillion—three tranches $2.2 trillion, $900 billion, and $1.9 trillion.In the past year, nominal GDP totaled $21 trillion, so the cumulative injection of fiscal stimulus amounts to almost 25%.Nothing in modern times comes close, especially during peace times. CBO published a report in 2010 on the military costs of significant wars. The military war costs of World War 1 amounted to 13.6% of GDP and World War 11 35.8%—-so the current spending/stimulus is in the middle of the two World Wars.”It is an incredible amount of intervention relative to the underlying crisis. As Joseph pointed out, there is a significant difference between today and WWII.Citar“During World Wars, activity in the private sector is depressed. That’s not the case today. The housing sector is booming, with housing starts at the highest levels in 15 years, and prices are rising double-digit to record levels. At the same time, the manufacturing sector is experiencing a mini-boom in orders and production.”However, to understand why more stimulus may not create economic growth, we need to review how we got here.A Brief HistoryIn March, as the economy shut down due to the pandemic, the Federal Reserve leaped into action to flood the system with liquidity. At the same time, Congress passed a massive $2.2 trillion fiscal stimulus bill that expanded Unemployment Benefits and sent checks directly to households. Then in December, the Trump administration hit the economy with another $900 billion. Now, the Biden administration anticipates repeating that with another $1.9 trillion. As shown below, with money pouring into households’ hands, it is not surprising the economy rebounded.That surge in the third quarter, and surging stock market to boot, directly responded to both the fiscal and monetary stimulus supplied. The chart below adds the percentage change in Federal expenditures to the chart for comparisonThe spike in Q2 in Federal Expenditure was from the initial CARES Act. In Q1-2020, the Government spent $4.9 Trillion in total, which was up $85.3 Billion from Q4-2019. In Q2-2020, it increased sharply due to the passage of the CARES Act. Spending for Q2 jumped to $9.1 Trillion, which is a $4.2 Trillion increase over Q1-2020. In Q3 and Q4, spending was still well above normal levels running at $7.2 and $6.0 trillion. Importantly, note that the rate of change in spending is declining along with economic growth rates. That is the “second-derivative” effect of growth.Second DerivativeThe next chart shows how the “second derivative” is already undermining both fiscal and monetary stimulus. Using actual data going back to the Q1-2019, Federal Expenditures remained relatively stable through Q1-2020, along with real economic growth. However, from Q2 through Q4-2020, Federal Expenditures surged. However, the economy still hasn’t returned to positive growth.The chart below shows the inherent problem. While the additional fiscal stimulus did help stave off a more in-depth economic contraction, its impact becomes less over time.However, this is ultimately the problem with all debt-supported fiscal and monetary programs.Stimulus Doesn’t Provide Confidence.The problem with monetary interventions, like direct checks to households, is that while it may provide a short-term bump in spending, it does not promote confidence. As shown in the chart below, despite a surging recovery in the economy and the stock market, consumer confidence remains mired at recessionary lows.The reason that stimulus payments didn’t improve consumer confidence is due to the understanding that such payments are a one-time benefit. What increases economic prosperity and confidence are employment and wage growth.Such is the problem with artificial stimulus. To increase employment and wages, it is the confidence of employers that needs to improve. The chart below replicates how the economy works. Individuals must produce first before they can consume.While stimulus will bypass the “production” part of the equation creating short-term demand, such does not create the repeatable demand necessary for businesses to increase employment. We saw this in the recent National Federation Of Independent Business (NFIB) survey.Citar“Small businesses are susceptible to economic downturns and don’t have access to public markets for debt or secondary offerings. As such, they tend to focus heavily on operating efficiencies and profitability.If businesses were expecting a massive surge in ‘pent up’ demand, they would be doing several things to prepare for it. Such includes planning to increase capital expenditures to meet expected demand. Unfortunately, those expectations peaked in 2018 and are lower again.”Citar“There are important implications to the economy since ‘business investment’ is a GDP calculation component. Small business capital expenditure ‘plans’ have a high correlation with real gross private investment. The plunge in ‘CapEx’ expectations suggests business investment will drop sharply next month.”The bigger problem with the stimulus is that it is based on increasing debt levels to provide it.You Can’t Use Debt To Create Growth.The biggest problem with more stimulus is the increase in the debt required to fund it. As discussed previously, there is no historical precedent, anywhere globally, that shows increased debt levels lead to more robust rates of economic growth or prosperity. Since 1980, the overall increase in debt has surged to levels that currently usurp the entirety of economic growth. With economic growth rates now at the lowest levels on record, the change in debt continues to divert more tax dollars away from productive investments into the service of debt and social welfare.We can view the impact of debt on the economy by analyzing the economic growth created. As shown, it takes an increasing amount of debt to generate each dollar of economic growth.For the 30 years from 1952 to 1982, the economic surplus fostered a rising economic growth rate, which averaged roughly 8% during that period. Such is why the Federal Reserve has found itself in a “liquidity trap.”CitarInterest rates MUST remain low, and debt MUST grow faster than the economy, just to keep the economy from stalling out.[/i][/b]The deterioration of economic growth is seen more clearly in the chart below.From 1947 to 2008, the U.S. economy had real, inflation-adjusted economic growth than had a linear growth trend of 3.2%.However, following the 2008 recession, the growth rate dropped to the exponential growth trend of roughly 2.2%. Unfortunately, instead of reducing outstanding debt problems, the Federal Reserve engaged in policies that expanded unproductive debt and leverage.Coming out of the 2020 recession, the economic trend of growth will be somewhere between 1.5% and 1.75%. Given the amount of debt added to the overall system, the ongoing debt service will continue to retard economic growth.A Permanent Loss As noted by Zerohedge, the permanent loss in output in the U.S. was shown by BofA previously. The bank laid out the pre-COVID trend growth and compared it to its base case recovery.Such aligns closely with our analysis shown above. Given the permanent loss in output and rising unproductive debt levels, the recovery will be slower and more protracted than those hoping for a “V-shaped” recovery. The “Nike Swoosh,” while more realistic, might be overly optimistic as well.However, this is the most critical point.CitarThe U.S. economy will never return to either its long-term linear or exponential growth trends.Read that again. A Continuation Of Boom/Bust CyclesThe Keynesian view that “more money in people’s pockets” will drive up consumer spending, with a boost to GDP being the result, has been wrong. It hasn’t happened in 40-years.As Joseph Carson, former Chief Economist at Alliance Bernstein concluded:Citar“Given the scale of fiscal stimulus, one would expect the Fed to be thinking of “leaning against the wind.” But not this Fed–the Fed is using the same playbook from the Great Financial Recession, providing unneeded stimulus to the red-hot housing market.What’s the economic and financial endgame? It’s hard to see anything but a ‘boom-bust’ scenario playing out with fast growth and rising market interest rates in 2021 and early 2022, followed by a bust in late 2022/23 when the fiscal stimulus/support dries up.The US experienced mild recessions following the sharp drop in government military spending after the Korean and Vietnam wars—-and back then, the scale of military expenditures amounted between 2% and 4% of GDP. The ‘sugar-high’ today is unprecedented, raising the odds of a harder landing.While mainstream economists believe more stimulus will create robust economic growth, no evidence supports the claim. Yes, we will get a short-term burst of inflation and interest rates, most certainly. However, such will quickly collide headlong into the massive debt levels overhanging the economy.Such is the trap that will put the Federal Reserve in a box of hiking rates and reducing monetary accommodation at precisely the wrong time.But that is a topic we will discuss next week.
“Suppose Congress passes something close to Biden’s Administration stimulus proposal of $1.9 trillion. In that case, that will lift the cumulative amount of fiscal stimulus in the past 12 months to $5 trillion—three tranches $2.2 trillion, $900 billion, and $1.9 trillion.In the past year, nominal GDP totaled $21 trillion, so the cumulative injection of fiscal stimulus amounts to almost 25%.Nothing in modern times comes close, especially during peace times. CBO published a report in 2010 on the military costs of significant wars. The military war costs of World War 1 amounted to 13.6% of GDP and World War 11 35.8%—-so the current spending/stimulus is in the middle of the two World Wars.”
“During World Wars, activity in the private sector is depressed. That’s not the case today. The housing sector is booming, with housing starts at the highest levels in 15 years, and prices are rising double-digit to record levels. At the same time, the manufacturing sector is experiencing a mini-boom in orders and production.”
“Small businesses are susceptible to economic downturns and don’t have access to public markets for debt or secondary offerings. As such, they tend to focus heavily on operating efficiencies and profitability.If businesses were expecting a massive surge in ‘pent up’ demand, they would be doing several things to prepare for it. Such includes planning to increase capital expenditures to meet expected demand. Unfortunately, those expectations peaked in 2018 and are lower again.”
“There are important implications to the economy since ‘business investment’ is a GDP calculation component. Small business capital expenditure ‘plans’ have a high correlation with real gross private investment. The plunge in ‘CapEx’ expectations suggests business investment will drop sharply next month.”
Interest rates MUST remain low, and debt MUST grow faster than the economy, just to keep the economy from stalling out.
The U.S. economy will never return to either its long-term linear or exponential growth trends.
“Given the scale of fiscal stimulus, one would expect the Fed to be thinking of “leaning against the wind.” But not this Fed–the Fed is using the same playbook from the Great Financial Recession, providing unneeded stimulus to the red-hot housing market.What’s the economic and financial endgame? It’s hard to see anything but a ‘boom-bust’ scenario playing out with fast growth and rising market interest rates in 2021 and early 2022, followed by a bust in late 2022/23 when the fiscal stimulus/support dries up.The US experienced mild recessions following the sharp drop in government military spending after the Korean and Vietnam wars—-and back then, the scale of military expenditures amounted between 2% and 4% of GDP. The ‘sugar-high’ today is unprecedented, raising the odds of a harder landing.
Inside the Reddit army that's crushing Wall Streethttps://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/investing/wallstreetbets-reddit-culture/index.html¿Sudden, puede hacernos un resumen de como va la cosa? ¿Los fondos están palmando?
En el último tercio del siglo XVIII, las pretensiones de recuperar el rango de gran potencia, hizo de todo punto insuficiente la recaudación impositiva normal. La Hacienda recurrió entonces a la emisión de los* llamados vales reales, primera forma de Deuda Pública española, origen, a su vez, ya lo vimos, del Banco de San Carlos —futuro Banco de España— como institución que haría de agente del Tesoro. Los vales reales también fueron, más adelante, una de las causas que impulsaron la desamortización; por la necesidad de allegar recursos suficientes a fin de amortizarlos en la cifra acumulada desde 1780 a 1835; un tema al que también nos hemos referido con anterioridad.Frente al grave conjunto de problemas mencionados; en 1845, la reforma tributaría Mon-Santillán (una de las primeras medidas de la Década Moderada 1844-1854), se caracterizó por su pragmatismo y la modestia de sus objetivos. De hecho, abarcó a sólo el 50 por 100 de la recaudación, puesto que la otra mitad correspondía a los monopolios- (los estancos oficiales: fundamentalmente el tabaco y el papel timbrado), y las aduanas. El sistema tributario en sentido estricto quedó configurado —para todo el territorio nacional— en tomo a cinco impuestos: la contribución de inmuebles, cultivos, y ganaderías; el subsidio industrial y de comercio; el impuesto sobre el consumo de especies determinadas; la contribución sobre inquilinato; y el derecho de hipotecas.
Sin embargo, la reforma significó el establecimiento de un sistema estable, que duró sin apenas modificaciones hasta 1900, cuando lo completó Raimundo Fernández Villaverde al introducir la imposición sobre las utilidades del capital y del trabajo, primeras formas de impuestos directos personales.El siguiente paso fiscal importante se haría esperar hasta 1932, año en qué la Segunda República española creó el impuesto sobre la renta.
Gerardo Pérez (Faconauto): "Si febrero y marzo son como enero, es posible que los ERTE se conviertan en despidos"*"Es el momento de activar los 200 millones restantes del plan Renove"*"Tenemos que activar ya la Mesa de Automoción para que dé sus frutos"(...)Si febrero y marzo continúan como enero es muy posible que ocurra. De hecho, nosotros como patronal responsable está claro que si tenemos 161.000 trabajadores y nuestra supervivencia está en riesgo preferimos salvar 130.000 empleos que caernos todos con 161.000 empleados. Es lógico. Queremos mantener todos los empleos, pero si el mes de febrero y marzo continúan por estos derroteros es muy posible que las redes de concesionarios reestructuren de una manera profunda sus plantillas. Por eso es el momento de activar los 200 millones restantes del plan Renove y de activar los 3.750 millones del plan de impulso a la cadena de valor de la industria de la automoción y de abordar la fiscalidad y de abordar la mesa de trabajo de automoción es ahora. Qué mejor momento que ahora. Ha llegado el momento de hacer algo, el momento es ahora y se pueden salvar muchos empleos. Espero que el Gobierno esté decidido a hacerlo, pero hoy por hoy no tenemos visibilidad de que esto vaya a ocurrir, más allá de algún plan Moves que pueda salir, pero este plan no salva al mercado.
Cita de: sudden and sharp en Febrero 13, 2021, 21:45:30 pmInside the Reddit army that's crushing Wall Streethttps://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/investing/wallstreetbets-reddit-culture/index.html¿Sudden, puede hacernos un resumen de como va la cosa? ¿Los fondos están palmando?
Tengo un amigo que era director de banco, como una empresa de la zona tenía problemas de solvencia se dedicó a darle dinero en forma de préstamos a tipos negativos en cantidades brutales, muy por encima de lo que el ruinoso balance de la empresa permitía.Estuvo así durante años, convirtiendo la empresa en una bola de deuda imparable.Ahora, los gestores de la empresa se han ido y mi amigo que ya está jubilado de la banca ha sido nombrado CEO de esa empresa, dice que su primera tarea será lidiar con el exceso de deuda de la empresa, y que si tiene que haber quitas las habrá.¿Qué opináis?PD: sí, va con segundas.
Cita de: BENDITALIQUIDEZ en Febrero 14, 2021, 17:06:48 pmTengo un amigo que era director de banco, como una empresa de la zona tenía problemas de solvencia se dedicó a darle dinero en forma de préstamos a tipos negativos en cantidades brutales, muy por encima de lo que el ruinoso balance de la empresa permitía.Estuvo así durante años, convirtiendo la empresa en una bola de deuda imparable.Ahora, los gestores de la empresa se han ido y mi amigo que ya está jubilado de la banca ha sido nombrado CEO de esa empresa, dice que su primera tarea será lidiar con el exceso de deuda de la empresa, y que si tiene que haber quitas las habrá.¿Qué opináis?PD: sí, va con segundas.No le veo mucho futuro a tu amigo...