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Cada vez más despidos en multinacionales y la metástasis inmobiliaria.CitarHeineken recortará hasta 6.000 empleos por la caída de la venta de cervezaEl grupo belga Heineken recortará entre 5.000 y 6.000 puestos de trabajo, tras admitir una fuerte caída en la demanda de alcohol. La empresa anunció que reducirá su plantilla durante los próximos dos años en un esfuerzo por recortar gastos, según un comunicado emitido este miércoles.La cervecera, que fabrica marcas como Cruzcampo y El Águila, se enfrenta a un descenso en el consumo de cerveza en mercados críticos, como Estados Unidos y Europa, ya que los consumidores están moderando su consumo de alcohol para mejorar su salud y reducir los crecientes gastos domésticos.El mes pasado, Heineken sorprendió a los inversores al anunciar que su director ejecutivo, Dolf van den Brink, dimitiría tras seis años al frente de la empresa y más de 28 años en la compañía en total. Heineken comenzará ahora a buscar a su sucesor, y Van den Brink, de 52 años, seguirá asesorando a la compañía hasta el próximo año.Desde que Van den Brink asumió el control en junio de 2020, la empresa ha tenido un rendimiento inferior al de sus rivales, como Anheuser-Busch InBev y Carlsberg. Ya en en octubre, la compañía advirtió que las ganancias anuales serían menores a las esperadas debido a un crecimiento más débil en Europa y América, un problema que ha afectado a la industria cervecera mundial durante algún tiempo a medida que las tendencias de consumo cambian y la inflación afecta la demanda entre los consumidores.....https://cincodias.elpais.com/companias/2026-02-11/heineken-recortara-hasta-6000-empleos-por-la-caida-de-la-venta-de-cerveza.html
Heineken recortará hasta 6.000 empleos por la caída de la venta de cervezaEl grupo belga Heineken recortará entre 5.000 y 6.000 puestos de trabajo, tras admitir una fuerte caída en la demanda de alcohol. La empresa anunció que reducirá su plantilla durante los próximos dos años en un esfuerzo por recortar gastos, según un comunicado emitido este miércoles.La cervecera, que fabrica marcas como Cruzcampo y El Águila, se enfrenta a un descenso en el consumo de cerveza en mercados críticos, como Estados Unidos y Europa, ya que los consumidores están moderando su consumo de alcohol para mejorar su salud y reducir los crecientes gastos domésticos.El mes pasado, Heineken sorprendió a los inversores al anunciar que su director ejecutivo, Dolf van den Brink, dimitiría tras seis años al frente de la empresa y más de 28 años en la compañía en total. Heineken comenzará ahora a buscar a su sucesor, y Van den Brink, de 52 años, seguirá asesorando a la compañía hasta el próximo año.Desde que Van den Brink asumió el control en junio de 2020, la empresa ha tenido un rendimiento inferior al de sus rivales, como Anheuser-Busch InBev y Carlsberg. Ya en en octubre, la compañía advirtió que las ganancias anuales serían menores a las esperadas debido a un crecimiento más débil en Europa y América, un problema que ha afectado a la industria cervecera mundial durante algún tiempo a medida que las tendencias de consumo cambian y la inflación afecta la demanda entre los consumidores.....https://cincodias.elpais.com/companias/2026-02-11/heineken-recortara-hasta-6000-empleos-por-la-caida-de-la-venta-de-cerveza.html
Al hilo de los comentarios de @Newclo y @AndanteAl campo no nos podemos dedicar y a la industria tampoco, ya que hemos aceptado plenamente eso que llaman la 'división internacional del trabajo', que consiste en que unos países venden bienes manufacturados, otros materias primas y nosotros... no vamos a vender nada segun parece. Como somos "liberales" no nos gustan los aranceles, así que ya nos podemos ir olvidando de una gran parte de la economía productiva. Por si quedaba alguna duda los acuerdos de libre comercio lo dejan todo bastante claro. Entonces solo nos queda fortalecer nuestro mercado interno pero... ¿qué podemos producir a un coste que compita con los bienes de consumo que importamos a bajo precio? (dumping laboral, social y medio-ambiental)De los 'servicios avanzados' parece que nos podemos ir olvidando. También nos dicen que nos olvidemos de cualquier 'trabajo de oficina', mientras adornan sus amenazas con cientos de miles de despidos en todo el mundo, que no son resultado de la IA sino de la automatización de procesos y de la deslocalización. Al campo no, a la fábrica no, a la oficina tampoco... Normal que haya planes para seguir aumentando el número de beneficiarios del IMVAlguna vez habrá que hablar de 'factores de localización económica' y 'factores de localización de la población'. Los primeros determinan los segundos en gran parte. A partir de ahora, ¿cuáles van a ser los nuevos factores de localización de la población? Sólo de pensarlo entra la risa floja...
Sin embargo, las élites no existen realmente. Son metafísica. Lo que sí hay son grupos de individuos, de perímetro variable, heterogéneos y en lucha constante, lucha interna y con los demás. Grupos y subgrupos que se identifican por algunos individuos, sí, pero cuyo poder individual es irrelevante, toda vez que son hijos de las leyes objetivas de la historia. Están donde están porque hacen lo que hay que hacer.Dejemos de hablar de élites, por favor. Hablemos de ecuaciones de intereses, de ortograma. Sobre esta cuestión ya hemos debatido suficientemente en este blog. Las élites solo importan a petimetres y trepas. Las élites no son sujetos de la historia. Da igual el tal Sááánchez o el tal Saaanti. Lo que importa es que el sistema tiene un plan y se va a cumplir, sí o sí, por las buenas por las malas. Nosotros queremos participar en el plan y que se ejecute por las buenas.
Why are fertility rates collapsing? Gender roles, Martin WolfA big part of female graduates’ decision to have children depends on how they expect their husbands to behave© James FergusonThe decline in fertility has occurred in almost every country in the world. Furthermore, notes the Nobel-laureate Claudia Goldin, in her 2023 paper “The Downside of Fertility”*, every OECD member (bar Israel) has a total fertility rate (average number of children per woman in a lifetime) of less than 2.1 (the replacement rate). Moreover, this is not at all new: “low levels of fertility have existed in many currently developed nations since the mid-1970s.”This transformation in fertility is the opposite of what Thomas Malthus foretold in his Essay on the Principle of Population. Humanity is unprecedentedly well off and yet has far fewer children relative to its numbers than before. I considered the causes in May 2024, in “From the baby boom to the baby bust”**. One is that a far higher number of children survive into adulthood, reducing the need for multiple births. Another is that we have managed to separate the joys of sex from the burdens of child-rearing. Yet another is that people came to prefer a few “quality” children (in each of which they invest more) to a large quantity of them.Yet these changes do not fully explain what is going on, not least the markedly lower fertility rates of graduate women and the extraordinarily swift collapses in fertility in fast-growing economies with traditional gender norms, notably that wives should look after the children. In such countries, not only do the costs of bringing up children tend to be high, but they fall overwhelmingly on women.On the whole, female graduates in the US (and elsewhere) are both far more likely to marry than non-graduates and have been more likely to have children in wedlock. Thus, for college graduates, in particular, a big part of their decision to have children depends on how they expect their husbands to behave.The simple (and obvious) point is that educated women who end up with the full responsibility for childcare for multiple children have relatively more to lose than their non-college-educated peers. This is why they are more likely to insist on marriage. It is also why they tend to have fewer children (though that is also because they start later).Goldin argues that women who gain professional incomes are better off and have much more agency. But if they are to do so, they need to postpone working in order to pursue their education, which increasingly they do. Once they are educated and in the labour force, they need to choose whether and with whom to have children. If they are to work successfully after having children, they will depend on the active help of their partners. But they cannot be sure the latter are reliable. Their partner might be a devoted helpmeet but he might leave her in the lurch. If his support fails, women will find it hard to sustain their career. So, graduate women hedge. They not only insist on marriage, but have few children, often one or none.Goldin uses this analysis to explain what has been happening in the US over the long term. Thus, “the birth rate plummeted some time ago in the US . . . Because women had more autonomy, they had more options, and because the relative earnings of college-educated workers greatly increased, their options became more valuable . . . The opportunity cost of children to more educated women rose. Women needed greater assurances that the care of their children would be shared with the father.”Now consider the cases of countries that had huge economic growth from a low base, as in southern Europe and east Asia. There, she argues, social mores are often stuck behind contemporary realities. Men still hanker after the patriarchal norms of a traditional society. Women enjoy the liberation of a modern economy. Goldin notes that countries particularly affected by this expectations mismatch (such as Japan, South Korea and, I suspect, China) also have high rates of female childlessness.Another relevant factor she alludes to is the “rat race”. Quality children are expensive everywhere, but in some countries they are exorbitantly so. In societies in which aspirations for children are universally high and shared, parents are competing with one another for a limited number of top slots for their children. The result is intensive tutoring, which is an exquisite form of torture for both children and parents, and mostly the mothers. This increases the direct and indirect costs to women of having children to an inordinate degree. So, many do not do so.Goldin’s main suggestion is that men need to shape up, though she recommends greater state support for parents, too. But nothing seems likely to get the fertility rates of modern societies above replacement. Where I do agree is that the reactionary right’s idea that the answer is to put women back into the kitchen and nursery is wicked and stupid. Only the Taliban thinks it is clever to deprive women of education. Moreover, if even the Chinese Communist Party cannot force women to have children they do not want, nobody can. What is more, only an imbecile would suppose you would get more children by arguing that women treat their husbands as their masters, yet again. We would get still fewer marriages and fewer children.Gender norms will need to be even more equal and societal help with the costs of children even greater if there is to be much hope of raising fertility rates. But a big rise seems unlikely. A declining population looks inevitable in a huge number of rich countries, if mass immigration is ruled out. Would that really be the disaster some fear? No. But that is a topic for another column.
Switzerland to vote on plan to cap population at 10mnCountry has 9.1mn permanent residents and experts fear the move will limit companies’ access to foreign talentRepresentatives of the Swiss People’s Party demonstrate in favour of the proposal, which has widespread support due to frustration over housing and ‘unchecked immigration’ © Fabrice Coffrini/AFP/Getty ImagesSwitzerland will hold a vote on a radical proposal to cap the country’s population at 10mn people, a move that could threaten crucial agreements with the EU and limit companies’ access to skilled foreign workers.The initiative, which attracted the required 100,000 signatures to force a national poll under the European nation’s direct democracy system, is backed by the powerful right-wing Swiss People’s Party (SVP) and will be voted on in mid-June, the government said on Wednesday.It seeks to limit Switzerland’s permanent resident population to no more than 10mn people before 2050, and to trigger measures if the population exceeds 9.5mn before then. These would include limiting numbers in the areas of asylum and family reunification.The country’s current population is 9.1mn people and Switzerland has a high level of immigration, as people are drawn by its high wages and quality of life. It has one of the largest proportions of foreign residents in Europe, at 27 per cent according to official figures, and its population has grown some 25 per cent since 2000, much higher than most neighbouring countries.The Swiss referendum comes amid a broader surge in public unease over high immigration across Europe, where concerns about pressure on housing, public services and labour markets have fuelled support for far-right parties championing stricter migration controls in multiple countries.Domestic support for the vote is high, with rising frustration at housing shortages and what proponents have decried as “unchecked immigration”.The SVP, the country’s largest party, argues the “population explosion” is overwhelming infrastructure, destroying the environment and driving rents even higher.“After the influx of over 180,000 people in a single year, action must finally be taken,” said the party, which is campaigning actively for the “sustainability initiative”.A recent poll by research group LeeWas of more than 10,000 people found 48 per cent of respondents were supportive of the measure, indicating a tight vote.Michael Hermann, a pollster and political pundit at research firm Sotomo, said it had done two polls on the proposal, which showed 60 per cent of Swiss voters wanted to restrict immigration. “It is 50/50 in my opinion on this initiative being successful. Initiatives normally start with a high degree of people saying they would vote yes but it decreases as the vote approaches,” he said.If the population exceeds 10mn, the government would have to use every available policy tool to reduce it under the proposal, including renegotiating or terminating international agreements that drive population growth, such as the free movement of people between Switzerland and the EU. According to some of the more extreme predictions, the population could reach 10mn as soon as 2035.However, the initiative does not spell out a detailed quota or migration-management system, it only imposes a hard cap, which would translate into a near-complete stop on additional workforce immigration once reached, experts warned.If the initiative receives a ‘yes’ vote, it could have far-reaching consequences for the country’s globally focused companies, from consumer goods giant Nestlé to pharmaceuticals groups Novartis and Roche, which rely heavily on foreign talent.Business lobby group Economiesuisse called it a “chaos initiative” and said Swiss companies rely on workers from the EU and Europe Free Trade Association (EFTA) area to fill jobs. Without them, companies might relocate abroad, lose tax revenue, see innovation slow and service levels fall, it warned.“There have been some anti-immigration initiatives before but we have never seen such an extreme fixed-cap proposal before,” said Economiesuisse’s chief economist Rudolf Minsch.The lobby group’s research paper on the proposal highlights that EU/EFTA workers contribute disproportionately to the Swiss pension system relative to benefits drawn, meaning curbing immigration would also strain social insurance finances.It would also potentially derail a carefully negotiated new deal agreed last year between Bern and Brussels to keep and improve Switzerland’s access to the EU’s single market.The Swiss federal council — the country’s executive branch — as well as Parliament have both recommended rejecting the vote, warning it would endanger economic growth as well as derail key treaties. There is also the risk that Switzerland might no longer participate in the Schengen and Dublin systems, the council warned.Support for the proposal was indicative of huge pressure on infrastructure and schools as well as severe housing shortages, said Christian Joppke, a professor of sociology at the University of Bern. “But if this initiative is accepted it will be disastrous.”