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Cita de: pringaete en Mayo 18, 2012, 16:25:02 pmAñado otra opinión al braimstorming iniciado por Ignorant.Los ataques contra Europa y Grecia están sirviendo para desviar la atención de la propia anglosfera. Con lo "fatal" que está Europa y aún así el cambio con la libra y el dólar se mantienen medio estables, ¡ellos que no tienen quien les ataque! (fuera, se entiende, se bastan solos para canibalizarse desde dentro. La guerra es a largo, para ver quien se queda con el privilegio de manejar la divisa "franca", a corto tiene unos costes que son los que ud. refiere.¿Insinúas que EU actúa como cortina de humo de la debilidad (USA, RU) de Occidente , frente a la pujanza de Oriente?La pujanza de Oriente, ha sido producida por Occidente y su globalización.¿Somos tan idiotas que la avaricia nos ha llevado a armar a nuestro “enemigo?
Añado otra opinión al braimstorming iniciado por Ignorant.Los ataques contra Europa y Grecia están sirviendo para desviar la atención de la propia anglosfera. Con lo "fatal" que está Europa y aún así el cambio con la libra y el dólar se mantienen medio estables, ¡ellos que no tienen quien les ataque! (fuera, se entiende, se bastan solos para canibalizarse desde dentro. La guerra es a largo, para ver quien se queda con el privilegio de manejar la divisa "franca", a corto tiene unos costes que son los que ud. refiere.
http://tiempo.infonews.com/2012/05/21/mundo-76234-hollande-sorprende-a-la-otan-retira-las-tropas-de-afganistan.phpHollande sorprende a la OTAN: retira las tropas de Afganistán[...]
Drachma scarecrows and the Myths of Greek ExitBy Ambrose Evans-Pritchard Economics Last updated: May 21st, 2012290 Comments Comment on this articleGreeks protesting: they have not surrendered their sovereigntyWe keep hearing that Greece cannot impose exchange and capital controls – as Iceland did – to contain the damage from Drachma Day, restore stability, and prevent a devaluation overshoot.We hear too that Greece would have to leave the EU if it is ejected from/withdraws from the euro.Both assertions are wrong.The European Commission published a study in its 2003 EU Economic Review examining the treaty basis for exchange controls in an emergency.It concluded that states can indeed put up barriers under the Maastricht Treaty: "Among the actions that can be undertaken when a member state experiences serious balance of payments difficulties, Articles 119 and 120 EC provide for the possibility to reintroduce 'quantitative protective measures' against third countries."The measures require agreement by the Ecofin council of EU finance ministers, under qualified majority vote (QMV). The can be imposed for six months, and renewed indefinitely.The work was prepared by a small cellule of French EU officials in Brussels for arcane purposes that have no relevance to today's events. No matter.As for Greece having to leave the EU. The treaties are opaque. An ECB official – who happens to be Greek – wrote a personal opinion two years ago concluding that Greece would have to leave. "Withdrawal and expulsion from the EU and EMU: some reflections, by Phoebus Athanassiou, December 2009""Withdrawal from EMU without a parallel withdrawal from the EU would be legally impossible," he stated.Actually, the treaties are silent. He developed a series of complex arguments to infer this conclusion, largely based on the intent of the treaty drafters but also drawing on the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. He is perfectly entitled to do so. We all love intellectual stimulation. The rest of us are equally entitled to conclude that this is Jesuitical.The paper contained a great number of assertions that I consider to be both wrong and dangerous for the democratic order of Europe. It implied that the UK can no longer leave the EU, as if it were a prison.The claim that EU states have already abandoned their sovereignty for ever – victims of Monnet creep and past deceptions, irreversible because we did not wage war to prevent each new treaty — is not one that the Daily Telegraph can accept lightly.(The claims suggest that Cameron may have been right to block the EU fiscal treaty, whatever the specific details in the text. EU ideologues will pocket concessions and turn them against you twenty years later). Be that as it may, the ECB stated: "The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the European Central Bank."The political reality is that Greece could simply retreat to a) the Polish or Swedish formula (floating currencies, with a pro-forma commitment to join the euro when the time is right) or b) the Baltic formula (ERM 2 membership with a euro-peg, presumably at a 30pc devaluation).Whether Europe's leaders would go along with this would entirely depend on the sort of government in place in Athens. If it was a loony Left coalition that used blackmail and tried to play off Russia against the EU, some might lose patience. If it was more or less responsible, the EU would find some way to keep Greece in the family. The issue is entirely political.As for EU "law", it does not exist. There are rules stemming from EU treaties. The laws are national. They must be transposed into sovereign law by sovereign parliaments before they have any validity. The term EU law is a con-trick by the great apparatus of officialdom and vested interests that have a stake in making us believe such mythology.The European Court of Justice is the biggest con-trick of all. It is a panel, not a court. We can tell the ECJ to go to Hell whenever we feel like it. One day we will.As for Greece, let us expose all these empty threats for what they are. Greece can leave the euro without being thrown to the wolves. It can avert disaster. Once it has lanced the boil and restored a viable exchange rate, rich Greeks will bring back their capital. The Chinese will invest, so will the Russians, so indeed will the Germans – particularly the Germans. Devaluation crises are two a penny. They happen all over the world, very frequently. We have reams of clinical data and the verdict is that countries usually recover quickly.There may be hyperinflation if the Greeks screw it up but that would be an unforced error. They can impose capital controls to prevent a terms of trade shock and a drachma overshoot. They are already just 1pc shy of a primary budget surplus so it is far from clear why the government machinery would collapse. The IMF is there to help manage the transition. That is what the IMF is for.It is possible – perhaps likely – that Greece would be growing briskly again within 18 months, led by a tourist boom and by import substitution as local manufacturing rebounds.The danger for EMU is that Greece's trajectory may look tempting to others once the dust settles. By then Portugal, Spain, and Italy will be further into their austerity death spirals, and further into self-feeding debt deflation. Their own internal Greek tragedies — less extreme perhaps, but equally relentless — will be unfolding.It is not contagion. It is replication.
Martes, 22 de Mayo de 2012 - 11:10 h.Alemania no quiere que Grecia abandone el euro y lo ha dejado claro por activa y por pasiva y los partidos griegos que podrían ganar en las elecciones griegas son contrarios a los ajustes de la Troika. Ante esta dicotomía, Deutsche Bank propone la creación de una divisa alternativa al euro pero dentro de ésta, el Geuro.“Recientes encuestas de opinión sugieren que el nuevo gobierno griego estará dominado por partidos que rechazan el programa de ajuste de la Troika”, prevé la entidad alemana aunque aclara que “en nuestra opinión, es poco probable que el FMI y el resto de países de la zona euro cedan a las presiones de Grecia para un fin del programa”.Deutsche Bank también descarta que Grecia vaya a dejar el euro y “que otros países de la eurozona vayan a abandonar a Grecia”. Ante este panorama, la entidad propone una moneda griega en paralelo al euro que han bautizado como “Geuro” para cumplir con sus obligaciones corrientes de pago.La nueva divisa “permitiría a Grecia diseñar una devaluación del tipo de cambio sin el reconocimiento oficial de salir de la Unión Monetaria”. “En un principio sería de esperar una gran depreciación, pero las autoridades griegas tendrían el poder para estabilizar o incluso fortalecer el tipo de cambio del Geuro frente al euro a través de una política fiscal prudente”, apuntan.Deutsche Bank reconoce que habría dos circuitos paralelos de divisas en Grecia: el circuito del euro y el circuito del Geuro. “El primero se sustenta en los depósitos en euros de créditos a las empresas y en el sector exportador”, señalan. “Después de su contracción inicial debido a la aparición del Geuro, el circuito del euro volvería a crecer en la parte posterios de los ingresos en euros del sector de las exportaciones tras la mejora de la competitividad”, apuntan en una nota.El circuito del Geuro sería controlado por el gobierno, que emitiría esta divisa para financiar su déficit presupuestario primario. A posteriori, según señala el banco, debería ir reduciendo la emisión de nuevos Geuros para estabilizar el tipo de cambio del Geuro frente al euro, “con el fin de mantener la puerta abierta a un futuro regreso al euro”.
Declining Birthrates Key to Europe's Declineby Joel Kotkin 05/30/2012The labor demonstrators, now an almost-daily occurrence in Madrid and other economically-devastated southern European cities, lambast austerity and budget cuts as the primary cause for their current national crisis. But longer-term, the biggest threat to the European Union has less to do with government policy than what is–or is not–happening in the bedroom.In particular, southern Europe’s economic disaster is both reflected — and is largely caused by — a demographic decline that, if not soon reversed, all but guarantees the continent’s continued slide. For decades, the wealthier countries of the northern countries — notably Germany — have offset very low fertility rates and declining domestic demand by attracting migrants from other countries, notably from eastern and southern Europe, and building highly productive export oriented economies.In contrast, the so-called Club Med Countries– Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain–have not developed strong economies to compensate for their fading demographics outside pockets of relative prosperity such as Milan. Spain was once one of Europe’s star performers, buoyed largely by real estate speculation and growing integration with the rest of the EU. Six years ago the country was building upwards of 50% as many houses as the US while having 85% less population. Roughly six million immigrants came to work in the boom, even as roughly seven to eight percent of Spaniards preferred to remain unemployed.When the real estate bubble broke, there was only limited productive industry to step into the breach. In Spain, private sector credit has dropped for a remarkable eighteen straight months while industrial production has fallen precipitously–7.5 percent in March alone. Spain’s unemployment rate has scaled over 23%, more than twice the EU average. Unemployment among those under 25 in both Spain and Greece now reaches over fifty percent.After decades of expansion, even fashionable Madrid is littered with store vacancies and ubiquitous graffiti; many young people can be seen on the street in the middle of the week, either doing nothing or trying to pick up an odd Euro or two performing for tourists.‘A Change In Values’Economists tend to explain this decline in terms of budget deficits and failed competitiveness, but some Spaniards believe the main cause lies elsewhere. Alejandro MacarrónLarumbe, a Madrid-based management consultant and author of the 2011 book, Elsuicidiodemográfico de España, says today’s decline is “almost all about a change in values.”A generation ago Spain was just coming out of its Francoist era, a strongly Catholic country with among the highest birth rates in Europe, with the average woman producing almost four children in 1960 and nearly three as late as 1975-1976. There was, he notes, “no divorce, no contraception allowed.” By the 1980s many things changed much for the better better, as young Spaniards became educated, economic opportunities opened for women expanded and political liberty became entrenched.Yet modernization exacted its social cost. The institution of the family, once dominant in Spain, lost its primacy. “Priorities for most young and middle-aged women (and men) are career, building wealth, buying a house, having fun, travelling, not incurring in the burden of many children,” observes Macarron. Many, like their northern European counterparts, dismissed marriage altogether; although the population is higher than it was in 1975, the number of marriages has declined from 270,000 to 170,000 annually.Falling Births, Falling FortunesNow Spain, like much of the EU, faces the demographic consequences. The results have been transformative. In a half century Spain’s fertility rate has fallen more than 50% to 1.4 children per female, one of the lowest not only in Europe, but also the world and well below the 2.1 rate necessary simply to replace the current population. More recently the rate has dropped further at least 5 percent.Essentially, Spain and other Mediterranean countries bought into northern Europe’s liberal values, and low birthrates, but did so without the economic wherewithal to pay for it. You can afford a Nordic welfare state, albeit increasingly precariously, if your companies and labor force are highly skilled or productive. But Spain, Italy, Greece and Portugal lack that kind of productive industry; much of the growth stemmed from real estate and tourism. Infrastructure development was underwritten by the EU, and the country has become increasingly dependent on foreign investors.Unlike Sweden or Germany, Spain cannot count now on immigrants to stem their demographic decline and generate new economic energy. Although 450,000 people, largely from Muslim countries, still arrive annually, over 580,000 Spaniards are heading elsewhere — many of them to northern Europe and some to traditional places of immigration such as Latin America. Germany, which needs 200,000 immigrants a year to keep its factories humming, has emerged as a preferred destination.Declining PopulationAs a result Spain could prove among the first of the major EU countries to see an actual drop in population. The National Institute for Statistics (INE) predicts the country will lose one million residents in the coming decade, a trend that will worsen as the baby boom generation begins to die off. The population of 47 million will drop an additional two million by 2021. By 2060, according to Macarron, Spain will be home to barely 35 million people.This decline in population and mounting out-migration of young people means Spain will experience ever-higher proportions of retired people relative to those working. This “dependency rate”, according to INE, will grow by 57 % by 2021; there will be six people either retired or in school for every person working.If Spain, and other Mediterranean countries, cannot pay their bills now, these trends suggest that in the future they will become increasingly unable or even unwilling to do so. As Macarron notes, an aging electorate is likely to make it increasingly difficult for Spanish politicians to tamper with pensions, cut taxes and otherwise drive private sector growth. Voters over 60 are already thirty percent of the electorate up from 22 percent in 1977; in 2050, they will constitute close to a majority.Without a major shift in policies that favor families in housing or tax policies, and an unexpected resurgence of interest in marriage and children, Spain and the rest of Mediterranean face prospects of a immediate decline every bit as profound as that experienced in the 17th and 18th Century when these great nations lost their status as global powers and instead devolved into quaint locales for vacationers, romantic poets and history buffs.Long before that happens, today’s Mediterranean folly could drive the rest of Europe, and maybe even the world, into yet another catastrophic recession.
http://www.elconfidencial.com/economia/2012/06/03/ue%2Dbce%2Dy%2Deurogrupo%2Dtrabajan%2Den%2Dun%2Dplan%2Dglobal%2Dpara%2Dreestructurar%2Dla%2Deurozona%2D99250/SEGÚN MEDIOS ALEMANESLa Comisión Europea, el Consejo de la UE, el Banco Central Europeo y el Eurogrupo trabajan en un plan global, por encargo de los líderes de la UE, para llevar a cabo una reestructuración a fondo de la zona del euro a abordar en la próxima cumbre, a finales de junio, afirma hoy el Welt am Sonntag. Según el dominical alemán, el presidente del Consejo, Herman van Rompuy; el de la CE, José Manuel Durao Barroso; el del BCE, Mario Draghi, y el jefe del Eurogrupo, Jean-Claude Juncker, recibieron ese encargo en la última cumbre informal de la UE, el pasado 23 de mayo.Los cuatro representantes de las principales instituciones implicadas en la cuestión deberán elaborar una especie de hoja de ruta que afectará "a todos los niveles" de la UE y que se presentará a los líderes en su cumbre de finales de junio. El propósito es que el plan, que es calificado de "proyecto revolucionario" por el rotativo, sea discutido, perfilado y adoptado a más tardar a finales de este año.Van Rompuy, Barroso, Junker y Draghi trabajan, siempre según ese medio, sobre cuatro puntales: reformas estructurales, unión banquera, unión fiscal y unión política. Su resultante será una nueva UE, si es que los líderes consiguen el necesario consenso para ello, puesto que lo contrario implica el riesgo de escisión entre los 27.El programa incluirá medidas concretas para impulsar el crecimiento y no concentrarse únicamente en la austeridad, puntal hasta ahora de la vía preconizada por el Gobierno de Angela Merkel.El BCE debe, asimismo, estar preparado para actuar más decididamente y dotarse de mecanismos centralizados de supervisión sobre el conjunto de la banca. Asimismo, desde la institución de Draghi se apunta a la creación de un fondo de rescate para la banca, cuestión que topa con el rechazo de Merkel, quien hasta ahora ha insistido en que no hay una vía directa de ayuda a los bancos.El propósito de la hoja de ruta, cuyo punto álgido será la unión fiscal, es estar mejor equipado frente a situaciones como la actual y responder a las presiones internacionales para superar la crisis de la zona del euro, tras dos años en persistente situación de emergencia.El rotativo recuerda que la propia canciller apuntó la necesidad de diseñar un programa global esta semana, al afirmar que se debía reflexionar acerca de cómo debe evolucionar Europa "en los próximos cinco a diez años". Merkel ha mostrado su disposición a modificar ciertas posturas hasta ahora consideradas inamovibles, no sólo por presiones de sus socios de la UE, sino también de la oposición alemana.Este sábado, en una reunión con delegados de la Unión Cristianodemócrata que preside, Merkel se declaró dispuesta a la implantación de un impuesto sobre las transacciones financieras, tal como le exige la oposición a cambio de su respaldo parlamentario al pacto fiscal europeo. Esa tasa a las operaciones bursátiles no es viable a escala mundial o de toda la UE, pero sí "entre algunos países de características similares", dijo la canciller. Merkel dio un paso claro en dirección a la principal exigencia de socialdemócratas y verdes, cuyo respaldo precisa para la ratificación parlamentaria del pacto fiscal.La canciller necesita el apoyo de la oposición para que el pacto supere el trámite parlamentario, que en Alemania está condicionado a la aprobación por una mayoría de dos tercios en las cámaras Baja y Alta.Frente a esa concesión a la oposición, Merkel se ratificó en su rechazo frontal a la emisión de eurobonos, como reclaman algunos de sus socios europeos, especialmente, el presidente francés, François Hollande, como fórmula para hacer frente a la crisis de la deuda.
Es en este punto donde las piezas del puzzle y su foto final no me encajan.¿Se suicidan los Anglos? No lo creo.¿Están las manos fuertes, haciendo bascular el poder económico de USA a EU? ¿Por que?¿Por que Europa no responde a los ataques? ¿Le son favorables?¿Solo es un juego para rebajar el estado del bienestar europeo ( tras la extinción de la URSS) a nivel USA y ganar dinero?¿Es Europa una simple colonia USA y en el juego de la deuda (controlada) se gana mucha pasta?Perdón por el rollo, pero sin mas o menos foto, no hay puzzle.PD. tengo una sensación de: MOSCA, OREJA, DETRAS.
En una entrevista concedida a la cadena CNNHabrá que salvar al euro en menos de tres meses, según Christine LagardeLa directora gerente del FMI no ha querido vaticinar si Grecia saldrá de la eurozona pero se ha disculpado por unas recientes declaraciones suyas sobre la evasión fiscal en ese país que causaron gran malestar.VOZPÓPULI (08:35)La directora gerente del FMI, Christine Lagarde, ha afirmado en una entrevista concedida a la cadena CNN que hay que salvar al euro "en menos de tres meses".Según CNN, la afirmación de Lagarde es una respuesta a la predicción del inversor multimillonario George Soros de que Europa tiene tres meses para salvar la moneda única."La construcción de la eurozona ha llevado tiempo", explica Lagarde, "y es una tarea que está en construcción en este momento".La directora gerente no quiso, en cambio, vaticinar si Grecia saldrá de la eurozona -va a ser una cuestión de determinación política, afirmó-, pero sí se disculpó por unas recientes declaraciones suyas sobre la evasión fiscal en ese país que causaron gran malestar allí. En concreto pidió disculpas por el hecho de que sus comentarios fueran tomados "de forma enardecedora y supusieran una ofensa.""Pero igualmente", añadió, "creo que el cumplimiento de las obligaciones fiscales es un instrumento necesario para reinstaurar la situación de cualquier país, Grecia entre otros".Lagarde ha abogado también por la reducción gradual y continua del déficit fiscal que presentan algunos países de la eurozona. "No tiene que ser esta apretura de cinturón de la que todo el mundo habla, pero ha de ser sólida", ha apuntado.URL: http://vozpopuli.com/economia/4330-habra-que-salvar-al-euro-en-menos-de-tres-meses-segun-christine-lagarde